Navia, A.F., J., Alfaro-Shigueto, J., Ágreda-Arango, E., Areano, C.G., Avalos-Castillo, J.J., Bizzarro, C., Bustamante, A., Cevallos, F.J., Concha, V.H., Cruz-Escalona, D.A., Ebert, M., Espinoza, A., González-Leiva, H.M., Guzmán, A., Hearn, J.S., Hleap, J.C., Mangel, P.A., Mejía-Falla, J.M., Morales-Saldaña, H., Santana, O., Sosa-NishizakiI, J., Tovar-Ávila & X., Vélez-Zuazo (2024). Unveiling macroecological patterns of elasmobranchs in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Journal of Biogeography. 15037. DOI: 10.1111/jbi.15037.
Andrés Felipe Navia, Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto, José Ágreda-Arango, Elisa Areano, Cristopher G. Avalos-Castillo, Joseph J. Bizzarro, Carlos Bustamante, Adriana Cevallos, Francisco J. Concha, Víctor Hugo Cruz-Escalona 1, David A. Ebert, Mario Espinoza, Alberto González-Leiva, Héctor M. Guzmán, Alex Hearn, José S. Hleap, Jeffrey C. Mangel, Paola Andrea Mejía-Falla, Jorge M. Morales-Saldaña, Heriberto Santana, Oscar Sosa-NishizakiI, Javier Tovar-Ávila y Ximena Vélez-Zuazo
Aim: Toexamine the species richness, distribution and macroecological patterns ofelasmobranch assemblages across a broad latitudinal gradient in the EasternPacific Ocean (EPO). Location: The study area encompasses the Pacific coast of the American continent,spanning from 65°N to 60°S, and extending from the coastline to approximately1000 km offshore, encompassing the oceanic archipelagos. Taxon: lasmobranchs. Methods: Utilising the establisheddistribution ranges of 190 elasmobranch species (comprising 89 sharks and 101rays), we assessed the richness and spatial distribution of these speciesacross the EPO. Subsequently, three macroecological patterns were scrutinised:Rapoport's rule, the Mid Domain Effect with its association to Mean Sea SurfaceTemperature, and the correlation between body size and latitudinaldistribution. Results: Theanalysis of species richness along latitudinal gradients unveiled a bimodalpattern, reaching peaks between 30° to 20°N and 10°N to 5°S. A decline inspecies richness was observed from tropical to polar regions. Contrary toRapoport's Rule, Stevens' and midpoint methods demonstrated higher geographicrange values at lower latitudes, diminishing towards higher latitudes.Additionally, the mid-domain effect model exhibited a robust correlation withthe mean sea surface temperature. Exploring the interspecific relationshipbetween body size and extent of occurrence, it was found that 29 out of 190species are more susceptible to extinction. MainConclusion: Marine elasmobranchs ofthe EPO defy conventional latitudinal richness patterns and deviate fromRapoport's rule. Furthermore, our findings indicate a robust correlationbetween observed richness and both sea surface temperature and environmentalheterogeneity. The proportion of species vulnerable to human or stochasticimpacts potentially leading to extirpation in relation to their geographic rangewas low across the majority of examined provinces.
Palabras clave: Distribution and macroecological patterns; elasmobranch assemblages; latitudinal gradient; Eastern Pacific Ocean
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