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Camacho-Cruz, K.A., M.C., Ortíz-Hernández, L., Carrillo & A., Sánchez (2024). Dissolved inorganic nutrients in a reef lagoon influenced by submarine groundwater discharge in the Mexican Caribbean. Regional Studies in Marine Science. 79: 103814. DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103814.

Dissolved inorganic nutrients in a reef lagoon influenced by submarine groundwater discharge in the Mexican Caribbean

Karla Andrea Camacho-Cruz 1, María Concepción Ortíz-Hernández 2, Laura Carrillo 2 y Alberto Sánchez 3

1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
2 El Colegio de la Frontera Sur
3 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Oceanologia
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) worldwide has been considered an important source of dissolvedinorganic nutrients, pathogens, and terrestrial materials transported from land to sea. However, nutrientbehavior associated with SGD in the Mexican Caribbean has long been ignored. Here, we investigate the variabilityin nutrient and pathogen distribution during a neap-spring diurnal cycle in the Nohoch-Teek fringing reefinfluenced by SGD during the “nortes” season. The spatio-temporal behavior of nitrate and silicate followed threepatterns during a neap-spring diurnal cycle: 1) An increasing trend from the beginning to the end of the day; 2) Aspatial gradient with decreasing values from SGD-Teek towards the coral reef; and 3) The highest concentrationsin the SGD-Teek and southwest of SGD-Teek. No significant differences were recorded in the temporal behavior(p > 0.05); however, the highest concentrations were observed during the lowest spring tide. The ammoniumexhibited an increasing trend from the beginning to the end of the day. Significant differences were recordedregarding temporal behavior, with variations during the morning and afternoon of both spring and neap tides,with the highest concentrations recorded in the afternoon. The spatial distribution of phosphate was more homogeneous.The presence of pathogens was evidenced in addition to the variation in the spatial and temporalbehavior of nutrient input through SGD. The correlation between salinity and water level suggests that sea levelvariations influenced the flow. Silicate as tracers proved efficient, showing a predominant flow towards the

southwest during both neap and spring tides, with the maximum extent recorded during the spring tide.

Palabras clave: Coastal pollution; Bacteria; nutrients; Mesoamerican Reef; Submarine groundwater

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