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Hernández, O., J., Gómez-Gutiérrez, C., Galván-Tirado & C., Sánchez (2023). Three new species of the sea fan genus Muricea (Octocorallia, Plexauridae) from the northwest region of Mexico. ZooKeys. 1169: 333-352. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.

Three new species of the sea fan genus Muricea (Octocorallia, Plexauridae) from the northwest region of Mexico

Osvaldo Hernández 1, Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez 2, Carolina Galván-Tirado 3 y Carlos Sánchez 4

1 Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s/n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
2 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s/n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
3 Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Crédito Constructor, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, C.P. 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
4 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Twenty-one nominal species of Muricea have been reported in the Eastern Pacific withnine of them reported in the Mexican Pacific. We describe three new species of Muricea:Muricea ambarae sp. nov. and Muricea cacao sp. nov., from rocky reefs on the cen-tral and the northern Gulf of California and the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, andMuricea molinai sp. nov., from the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur. Muricea ambaraesp. nov. and M. cacao sp. nov. are taxonomically allied to the nominal species Muriceafruticosa Verrill, 1869 due to the morphological similarity of colony growth patterns andthe phylogenetic closeness based on the mitochondrial MutS gene (mtMutS); but differmainly in the calyx form and composition of sclerites. The main morphological differ-ences between the new Muricea species are in their sclerite forms and color; M. ambaraesp. nov. has orange-colored colonies, thin leaf spindles and tuberculated blunt spindles,while M. cacao sp. nov. has dark brown colored colonies, strong spinous spindles andan absence of tuberculated blunt spindles. Muricea molinai sp. nov. is phylogeneticallyclose and morphologically similar to Muricea squarrosa Verrill, 1869 in the growth formof the colony and tubular calyces; but has dark brown colored colonies and has calycesfrom the base to the branch tips. With these three new species, the total number ofMuricea species reported in the Mexican northwest region increases to twelve and atotal of 24 nominal species in the Eastern Pacific.

Palabras clave: Baja California; Gulf of California; Malacalcyonacea; mtMutS; species-groups; taxonomy

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