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The first studies of the phytoplankton began with sporadic expeditions by foreign investigators on both coasts of the Baja California peninsula. They provided the first species lists of diatoms and dinoflagellates, and noted the areas of high concentrations of phytoplankton. From these antecedents, Mexican researchers studied the phytoplankton communities. Special emphasis was placed on species that produce harmful algae blooms (HABs). First HABs were recorded in 1878. These blooms were caused by Myrionecta rubra and Noctiluca scintillans. An exhaustive review of the literature on HABs indicates that more than 80 events and more than 40 bloom-forming species have been reported. Most of the HABs were innocuous. Most representative red tide species of dinoflagellates include: Akashiwo sanguinea, Ceratium furca, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Gymnodinium catenatum, Noctiluca scintillans, and Scrippsiella trochoidea. Diatoms include: Chaetoceros debilis, Cylindrotheca closterium, Eucampia zodiacus, Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta spp. Cyanobacteria include Trichodesmium erythraeum. Among the raphydophytes, identified species include: Chattonella marina var. marina, and C. marina var. ovata; silicoflagellates include Dyctiocha californica, D. messanensis, and D. octonaria. Nevertheless, some microalgae were harmful for the marine fauna, such as the HABs of Akashiwo sanguinea, Ceratium furca, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, and Thalassiosira sp. that caused fish die-offs in captivity and death of lobsters and cultured oysters. Gymnodinium catenatum and two varieties of Pyrodinium bahamense produce paralytic toxins, but this has not caused public health problems in our coast. Upwelling is a recurrent cause that provokes HABs along.

Palabras clave: valoración económica; Harmful algae blooms; Noctiluca scintillans; eutrophication

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