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Resumen del producto

Gárate Lizárraga, I., J., Díaz Ortiz, B., Pérez Cruz, M.A., Alarcón Romero, L.A., Chávez-Almazán, L., García Barbosa & S., López-Silva (2011). A multi-species dinoflagellate bloom and shellfish toxicity in the Costa Grande, Guerrero, Mexico (December, 2010). 44th Western Society of Malacologists Annual Meeting and 12th National Biennial Meeting of Malacology and Conchology of The Sociedad Mexicana de Malacología, A.C.. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, México, junio 27 - 30, 2011, 104.

A multi-species dinoflagellate bloom and shellfish toxicity in the Costa Grande, Guerrero, Mexico (December, 2010)

Ismael Gárate Lizárraga, Jesús Díaz Ortiz, Beatriz Pérez Cruz, Mario Alberto Alarcón Romero, Luis Alberto Chávez-Almazán, Luis García Barbosa y Saúl López-Silva

As part of a continuing toxic microalgae monitoring program, 19 phytoplankton samples were collected on 11 December 2010 from the Bahía de Petacalco to Puerto Vicente Guerrero, in Costa Grande, Guerrero. During this survey, a red patch was observed in the Barra de Chantecuán, Petacalco (17º 56? 45.8?N, 102º 56? 45.6?W) , Guerrero. The patch was forming a band and had about 2 km long. Surface samples were collected in plastic flasks and fixed with Lugol’s solution. Additionally 100 g of rock oyster meat (Crassostrea iridescens) was collected to measure shellfish toxicity. At Playa del Palmar, Ixtapa Zihuatanejo, Guerrero (17°39´47.7”N, 101°36´55.4” W), samples of other mollusks such as clams (Donax punctatostriatus), abalones (Haliotis sp.), and chitons (Chiton articulatus) were collected on 22 December 2010. Shellfish toxicity was determined by the standard mouse bioassay method. Most abundant species during the bloom were Polykrikos sp. (5263 × 103 cells L–1), Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (410 × 103 cells L–1), Gymnodinium catenatum (129 × 103 cells L–1), and Cochlodinium polykrikoides (12 × 103 cells L–1). Toxicity of rock oysters collected in the vicinity of the bloom was 211?g STXeq 100 g–1. In two other samples, toxicity levels ranged from 146 ?g STXeq 100 g–1 to 536 ?g STXeq 100 g–1). At Playa del Palmar, Zihuatanejo on 22 December 2010, chitons contained 27.81 ?g STXeq 100 g–1, abalone contained 27.6 ?g STXeq 100 g–1, and clams contained 2541?g STXeq 100 g–1. This latter value is ~30 times over the permitted limit for human consumption. Toxicity of these mollusks was linked to the presence of P. bahamense var. compressum; however, no cell counting was done. After eating raw and cooked clams, 12 people in Zihuatanejo were reported to show symptoms corresponding to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Five of them required hospitalization. Monitoring of PSP toxin-producing species and toxicity in several species of mollusks along the coasts of Guerrero state is ongoing.

Palabras clave: Monitoring; dinoflagellate bloom; shellfish toxicity; P. bahamense var. compressum

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