Hernández-Aparicio, A., S., Ortega-García, A., Tripp-Valdez, U., Jakes-Cota, R., Moncayo-Estrada, L.A., Abitia-Cárdenas & S.A., Briones-Hernández (2024). Trophic competition of striped marlin and blue marlin during ENSO event in adjacent waters to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. 7th International Billfish Symposium. San Diego Cal., Estados Unidos de América, octubre 8 - 10, 2024, 50-51.
Amairani Hernández-Aparicio 1, Sofía Ortega-García 2, Arturo Tripp-Valdez 1, Ulianov Jakes-Cota 1, Rodrigo Moncayo-Estrada 1, Leonardo Andres Abitia-Cárdenas 3 y Sergio A. Briones-Hernández 1
The striped marlin (Kajikia audax) and the blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) are of the most important species that support the sport-recreational fishery of Cabo San Lucas, B.C.S., México. In order to determine the trophic competition between these species, and to analyze the effect that the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration have on them, the stomach contents of organisms caught during 2010-2011 and 2014-2015 defined through the Oceanic Niño Index as the cold and warm phase, respectively, of the El Niño Southern Oscillation event. Trophic diversity, feeding habits (Prey-specific relative importance index; PSIRI), trophic position (TP), trophic niche amplitude (Bi), trophic overlap, and feeding strategy were calculated and compared. The relationship between SST and Chl-a in feeding and trophic competition was determined by applying Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA). K. audax fed on 37 preys during the cold phase and on 45 preys during the warm phase, being the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas the most important in both (%PSIRI=30.4 and %PSIRI=18.5) with a TP= 4.7 in both periods. During the cold phase, M. nigricans fed on 20 prey items, and during the warm phase on 5 prey items, being the fish Auxis spp. the dominant prey in both phases (%PSIRI=46.3 and %PSIRI= 50) with a TP= 5.3. A greater trophic competition was recorded during the cold phase when striped and blue marlin shared 12 prey items, while during the warm phase, they shared only two. The species turned out to be specialist predators in both phases, which indicates that, despite a wide trophic spectrum, they feed on a reduced number of preys in a greater percentage, thus occupying different trophic spaces, which allows their coexistence in space and time.
Palabras clave: Trophic interaction; Striped marlin; Blue marlin; ENSO; Cabo San Lucas
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