Ramos-Santiago, A.E., I., Leyva-Valencia, C.J., Band-Schmidt & Y., Okolodkov (2023). Morphological and molecular taxonomy of epibenthic dinoflagellates from the Gulf of California. 20th International Conference on Harmful Algae. Hiroshima, Japón, noviembre 5 - 10, 2023, 33.
Ana Emilia Ramos-Santiago 1, Ignacio Leyva-Valencia 2, Christine Johanna Band-Schmidt 1 y Yuri Okolodkov 3
Epibenthic dinoflagellates live associated to substrates on the seafloor. Some species can produce toxins and form benthic harmful algal blooms. However, taxonomic information about epibenthic dinoflagellates from Mexico is scarce, complicating the understanding of their diversity, biogeography, ecology, and toxicity. The objective of this study was the morphological and molecular identification of epibenthic dinoflagellates from the southern Gulf of California. Samples were collected in Bahía
Concepción, Bahía de La Paz and in Ensenada de La Paz from 2015 and 2022. Individual cells were isolated mainly from macroalgae collected at depths of <10 m. Horizontal tows of the water column in shallow zones (<2 m) were also carried out. Thirty-four strains were identified by light and scanning electron microscopy, and partial sequences of 5.8S, 28S and ITS of rDNA were analyzed. The combination of these tools allowed the identification of 13 species of epibenthic dinoflagellates, belonging to the genera Amphidinium, Coolia, Gambierdiscus, streopsis, Prorocentrum, Symbiodinium and Vulcanodinium. Characteristics were described to differentiate three complexes: Prorocentrum cassubicum/P. norrisianum; P. micans/P. koreanum; and P. triestinum/P. redfieldii. The taxonomic controversy between P. mexicanum and P. rhathymum could not be clarified. This study includes the first sequences of Ostreopsis lenticularis, Gambierdiscus carpenteri, Prorocentrum concavum, and for the first time Prorocentrum norrisianum was identified in the Gulf of California. Additionally, this study contributes to the knowledge of eight species of epibenthic dinoflagellates in which the production of toxigenic compounds has been reported (e.g., Vulcanodinium rugosum).
Palabras clave: Bahía de La Paz; Mexico; Epibenthic dinoflagellates
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