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Morales-Ávila, J.R., S., Al-Jufaili, N., Alvarez-Pliego & R.J., Saldierna-Martínez (2023). Encountering the morphological and molecular complexity in the bramble shark Echinorhinus cf. E. brucus (Bonnaterre 1788) from the Oman Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 103: E52. DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000413.

Encountering the morphological and molecular complexity in the bramble shark Echinorhinus cf. E. brucus (Bonnaterre 1788) from the Oman Sea

José Raúl Morales-Ávila 1, Sarah Al-Jufaili 2, Nicolás Alvarez-Pliego 3 y Ricardo Javier Saldierna-Martínez 4

1 Fishery Quality Control Centre, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth, and Water Resources, Al Bustan-Muscat, Oman and Aquaculture Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth, and Water Resources, Al Bustan-Muscat, Oman.
2 Fishery Quality Control Centre, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth, and Water Resources, Al Bustan-Muscat, Oman.
3 Diagnóstico y Manejo de Humedales Tropicales, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México.
4 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR).

This is the first simultaneous morphological and barcoding characterization with the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the bramble shark Echinorhinus from the coast of Oman. The morphology of the specimen was consistent with previous records of Echinorhinus from the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea (Northwestern Indian Ocean). However, the new COI haplotype clustered together with homologous sequences of specimens from India. The specimen from Oman distinguished morphologically and genetically from an E. brucus from the Western Atlantic Ocean on the shape and size of the dermal denticles, the proportions of twelve morphometric measurements (differences ?3%) and the genetic p-distance = 3.8% of the COI fragment. The haplotype reported here increases the genetic diversity in genus Echinorhinus in the Northwest Indian Ocean, demonstrates conspecificity between specimens from Oman and Echinorhinus cf. E. brucus distributed in India and extends its range of distribution. The limited morphological and molecular data available constrained assigning our specimen to other than Echinorhinus cf. E. brucus (Bonnaterrez, 1788). Our findings highlight the urgent need of morphological review, redescription and the assignment of a neotype in order to guarantee accurate species identification and thus effective conservation measures for these deep-sea sharks. The existence of a third living species in the genus is briefly discussed.

Palabras clave: COI; echinorhinidae; Indian Ocean; Morphology

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