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Enríquez-García, A.B., V.H., Cruz-Escalona, J.D., Carriquiry, N.R., Ehemann, P.A., Mejía-Falla, E., Marín-Enríquez, C., Treinen-Crespo, J.R., Vélez-Tacuri & A.F., Navia (2023). Trophic assessment of three sympatric batoid species in the Southern Gulf of California. PeerJ. 11: e16117. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16117.

Trophic assessment of three sympatric batoid species in the Southern Gulf of California

Arturo Bell Enríquez-García 1, Víctor Hugo Cruz-Escalona 1, José D. Carriquiry 2, Nicolás Roberto Ehemann 3, Paola Andrea Mejía-Falla 4, Emigdio Marín-Enríquez 5, Christina Treinen-Crespo 2, José Roberto Vélez-Tacuri 6 y Andrés Felipe Navia 7

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Pesquerías y Biología Marina
2 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California , Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas
3 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, University of Konstanz, Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology
4 Wildlife Conservation Society
5 Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar
6 Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Facultad Ciencias del Mar
7 Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas, SQUALUS

The competitive exclusion principle establishes that the coexistence of closely related species requires a certain degree of resource partitioning. However, populations have

individuals with different morphological or behavioral traits (e.g., maturity stages, sexes, temporal or spatial segregation). This interaction often results in a multi-level

differentiation in food preferences and habits. We explored such resource partitioning between and within three batoid species: Hypanus dipterurus, Narcine entemedor, and Rhinoptera steindachneri in the southern Gulf of California, Mexico, using a combination of stomach content (excluding R. steindachneri) and stable isotope analyses. We found a clear differentiation between H. dipterurus and N. entemedor, where the latter exhibited more benthic habitats, supported by a greater association to infaunal prey and higher d13C values. Though the degree and patterns of intra-specific segregation varied among species, there was a notable differentiation in both sex and stage of maturity, corresponding to changes in specialization (i.e., isotopic niche breadth) or trophic spectrum (varying prey importance and isotopic values per group). This work is a promising step towards understanding the dietary niche dynamics of these species in a potentially important feeding area within the southern Gulf of California, as well as the biological and ecological mechanisms that facilitate their coexistence.

Palabras clave: resource partitioning; stable isotopes; Bayesian inference; Machine learning

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