Bates-Góngora, K.V., J., Gómez-Gutiérrez, R., Funes-Rodríguez, C., Silva-Segundo, R., Saldierna-Martínez, E., González-Rodríguez, R., De Silva-Dávila & O., Aburto-Oropeza (2023). Estructura de la comunidad de larvas de peces y su relación con el ambiente en el Parque Nacional Cabo Pulmo durante 2015–2017. XXIII Reunión Nacional de la Sociedad Mexicana de Planctología A.C. y XVI International Meeting of the Mexican Society Of Planktology A.C.. Cozumel, Quintana Roo, México, mayo 29 - junio 2, 2023, 2025-226.
Karen Valeria Bates-Góngora 1, Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez 1, René Funes-Rodríguez 1, Claudia Silva-Segundo 1, Ricardo Saldierna-Martínez 1, Eduardo González-Rodríguez 2, Roxana De Silva-Dávila 1 y Octavio Aburto-Oropeza 3
Seasonal and interannual changes in the abundance of fish larvae in the Cabo Pulmo National Park (PNCP) were investigated under the influence of the increase in sea surface temperature (TSM) caused by El Niño 2015-2016 (May 2015-May 2016 with anomalies of SST +1.5 to +2.9 °C and values of the multivariate index of El Niño, MEI, >0.5 °C), followed by a thermal relaxation during June 2016 to November 2017. Temporal variations in the abundance and taxonomic composition of fish larvae were analyzed weekly during 2015–2017 based on 14 climatological and biological variables using nonparametric multivariate statistics. The proposed hypothesis is that the structure and composition of the larval taxa of tropical and subtropical fish affinity showed changes associated with hydrographic variability, with greater variability caused by El Niño 2015–2016 and the subsequent relaxation of temperature in the ecosystem. A total of 171 taxa of fish larvae were recorded during 2015–2017 (60 families, 93 genera, 161 species, and 10 taxa identified to genus or family). Benthosema panamense and Vinciguerria lucetia were the dominant species of the 26 species with the highest frequency of occurrence (>5%) of the 171 taxa. Eliminating 13 mesopelagic and bathypelagic species, whose adults do not inhabit the PNCP, 54 families, 80 genera, and 148 species were observed. Of these 148 species, only 31 taxa had a frequency of occurrence >5%. Dactyloscopidae sp. (43.7% frequency, 18% abundance), Abudefduf troschelii (26.4%, 7.3%), Syacium spp. (19.8%, 8.5%), Auxis rochei (17.2%, 6.3%), and Auxis spp. (13.8 %, 2.67 %) were the numerically dominant taxa in the PNCP. The multi-response permutational procedure analysis demonstrated significant differences in the abundance and composition of fish larvae between seasons, years and the El Niño event compared to the relaxation period. The Redundancy Analysis identified a first grouping made up of species of different biogeographical affinities (warm-water cosmopolitan, tropical, subtropical, and tropical-subtropical) that includes the most abundant species: Dactyloscopidae, Tripterygiidae, and Auxis spp. during winter-spring and related to high zooplankton biovolume, tidal interval and salinity. The second grouping was dominated by species of wide Tropical-Subtropical distribution during the autumn-summer, positively related to the increase in Chlorophyll-a, pluvial precipitation, height of the sea level, depth of the maximum of chlorophyll-a, SST and the MEI). It was concluded that the structure of the fish larvae maintained a notable seasonal pattern, but that the species composition differs due to the 2015-2016 El Niño event when species from the pelagic environment predominated, while during 2017 demersal and benthopelagic fish larvae species predominated.
Palabras clave: Seasonal succession; ichthyoplankton; El Niño 2015-2016
Para obtener una copia del documento contacta la personal de la biblioteca a través del correo bibliocicimar{a}ipn.mx