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Resumen del producto

Leyva-Valencia, I., J.E., Hernández-Castro, C.J., Band-Schmidt, A.D., Turner, A., O’Neill, E.J., Nuñez-Vázquez, D.J., López-Cortés, J.J., Bustillos-Guzmán & F.E., Hernández-Sandoval (2019). Are lipophilic toxins a contamination risk for wild bivalves from Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur Mexico?. 12th International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety. Ensenada, Baja California, México, octubre 9 - 13, 2019, 47.

Are lipophilic toxins a contamination risk for wild bivalves from Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur Mexico?

Ignacio Leyva-Valencia, Jesús Ernestina Hernández-Castro, Christine J. Band-Schmidt, Andrew D. Turner, Alison O’Neill, Erick J. Nuñez-Vázquez, David J. López-Cortés, Jose J. Bustillos-Guzmán y Francisco E. Hernández-Sandoval

In Mexico only okadaic acid (OA) is included in sanitary regulation NOM-242-SSA1-2009, while YTX and AZA were incorporated in Technical Guide of the Mexican Program of bivalves molluscs and there is scarce information about cyclic imines (Cls), in our country. Most of the shellfish fisheries of Mexico occur in the Gulf of California, a region known for its high primary productivity, that includes dinoflagellates producers of OA, pectentoxins (PTXs), yessotoxins (YTXs), azaspiracids (AZAs) and Cls. During 25 months from January 2015 to November 2017, samples of three species of wild bivalves were collected in four sites from southern of Bahía de La Paz. Pooled tissue extracts were analyzed using LC-MS/MS to detect lipophilic toxins. Eight groups of toxins were identified (OA, DTX, PTX, YTX, AZA, CIs); these were clearly lower than the maximum level permitted for human consumption. Interspecific differences in toxin analogs and their concentrations were observed, even when samples were collected in the same site. OA was detected in low concentrations, while YTXs and gymnodimines (GYMs) had the highest concentrations in bivalves. Our results showed that diarrheic toxins were clearly below the allowed limit according with mexican legislation. The presence of other lipophilic toxins, mainly YTXs and Cls (GYMs, pinnatoxins and spirolides) suggested a combinated effect with the OA, however the interactions between Cls with other lipophilic toxins, and their effects in human health are unknown. To corroborate if Cls are maintained in low concentrations, we recommend an higher time-frequency for monitoring in this region.

Palabras clave: lipophilic toxins; contamination risk; bivalves; Bahía de La Paz

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