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Biofouling is the natural colonization of artificial or natural submerged surfaces. This process occurs as succession of several organisms, from bacteria to invertebrates and has severe economic impacts over port and shipping infrastructures. This succession depends on the colonization success of microorganisms, so that controlling microfouling is often the solution to manage the whole process. Moreover, bacteria are known to produce antagonistic substances (Hughes and Fenical, 2010). Over the past few years, application of these natural compounds has aroused great interest in industry to prevent adhesion and accumulation of fouling organisms on surfaces, which cause early corrosion and reduce fuel performance. In this study, a collection of potentially active bacteria isolated from different substrates was obtained, as well as a collection of pioneer bacteria on conducting antifouling activity bioassays. Bioactive bacteria: Isolation, purification, and strain characterization was made for bacteria from different marine substrates (sediments, mangrove, invertebrate, algae). Pure strains were re-cultured and maintained in marine medium. Colonizer bacteria: A structure was used to place sterile glass plates that were submerged in the sea. A plate was removed every two hours, scraping was made using a sterile cotton swab, serial dilutions were prepared, and culture was made in agar plates. Strains were purified and tested to verify its adhesion (Zobell and Allen 1934); those that were strongly fixed to the substrate were conserved to be part of the strain repository of colonizer bacteria. Activity tests: Bioassays of inhibitory activity by the well diffusion method with three replicates and control, were performed. Plates were cultured with the colonizer strain; the medium where bacteria grew was placed in wells made using a punch. The presence of inhibition halos was observed. One hundred and thirteen bacteria were isolated from the different marine substrates with which the antagonism bioassays were performed. Regarding bacteria isolated from submerged plates, 66 strains were obtained. From these, 13 were fixed to the solid surface in the adhesion test, which were characterized morphologically and with gram stain and conserved to be part of the strain repository of colonizer bacteria for the inhibition tests. It was found that 31 bacteria were active against colonizer bacteria; fourteen of them had activity against 3 or more colonizer strains. These were mainly isolated from marine sediments and mangrove root.

Palabras clave: Bacteria; Biofouling; isolated

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