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Biological and environmental factors influencing the larval fish assemblages were investigated in the southern Gulf of México. Data were obtained from 46 sampling stations, May 19 to June 18. using a Bongo net from surface to 200 m. All larvae were sorted from each sample. To each larval fish taxon it was assigned the habitat of their adult. Bray-Curtis index was used to determinate the larval assemblages. There were founded 182 taxa; most of them were oceanic (29.6). mid shelf (26.3%) and reef (25.2 %). Three assemblages were defined: 1) Yucatán Assemblage (YA), 2) Tabasco-Campeche (TCA) 3) Oceanic (OA). YA occupied the Campeche Bank, it is, the wide Yucatán shelf, where the most important hydrodynamic process is branch of Yucatán current. TCA occupied the shelf of Tabasco and southwest of Campeche where the most important hydrodynamic process is the continental water discharges through the main fluvial systems. OA occupied the oceanic area of the Campeche Bay where the dominant hydrodynamic process is a gyre, almost permanent. As a result of the different hydrographic features as oceanic currents, gyres, continental waters discharge, even the topography, the Tabasco shelf, Campeche Bank (Yucatán Shelf ) and Campeche Bay are different regions. The geographic distribution of the three obtained assemblages fit well with these three zones of different hydrodynamic processes. Independently of variation of the boundaries and interactions of the assemblages, the formation of these is determined firstly by the adults habitat and spawning area and then by the hydrographic features dominating each area.

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