Resumen del producto

All surface submerged in the sea is initially colonized by bacteria, forming biofilm, being the base for the colonization of macroalgae and invertebrates, causing the deterioration of the man-made structures, generating huge economic implications. The marine sponges have chemical defense mechanism for growth inhibition of epiphytic the micro and macro organisms. The objective of this study was evaluated the antifouling potential of six sponges (Haliclona caerulea, H. turquiosa, Ircinia sp., Callyspongia sp. C. californica and Mycale sp.) present in bay of La Paz, Mexico. The sponge specimens were collected in two localities (La Bruja and Agua de Yepiz) in cold and warm seasons, The specimens were repeatedly extracted with acetone/MeOH (1:1) and partitioned in ether and n-buthanol extracts. The antifouling activity of the extracts was tested against five bacteria and eight marine microalgae. The results indicated that the sponges collected in cold season in both localities have the best antifouling activity. The bioassay against bacteria strains showed that ether and n-buthanol extracts of Haliclona caerulea and Mycale sp. of La Bruja locality have a MIC of 0.1 ?g ml-1 against three of the five bacterial strains. In the case of Agua de Yepiz the ether extract of H. caerulea was very active against Vibrio aestuarianus (MIC=0.1 ?g ml-1). The results against marine microalgae showed that n-buthanol extracts of Mycale sp and H. caerulea of La Bruja locality had the highest activity with a MIC=0.1 ?g ml-1 against Cylindrotheca clostridium and Navicula jeffreyi respectively. These results show that sponges presents at both locations show interesting antifouling activity, specifically the species Mycale sp. and Haliclona caerulea, with a potential resource to provide novel antifouling agents.

Palabras clave: sponges; antifouling; extracts

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